How Do You Use PyTorch to Test?

Problem scenario
You want to test PyTorch. What should you do?

Answer

1. Enter a virtaulenv. Use How Do You Install and Create a Virtual Environment? if necessary.

2. Run this: pip3 install torch

3. Use this program:

# This was produced by a Google search in an AI overview result on Aug 4 2025.
# It was slightly modified.
# It has a non-deterministic test of Tensor operations. PyTorch requires a parameter
# to specify CUDA or regular CPU architecture.

import torch

def test_pytorch():
    """
    Tests the PyTorch installation, including CUDA availability and a basic tensor operation.
    """
    print("--- PyTorch Installation Test ---")

    # 1. Check PyTorch version
    print(f"PyTorch version: {torch.__version__}")

    # 2. Check CUDA availability
    if torch.cuda.is_available():
        print("CUDA is available! PyTorch can use your GPU.")
        print(f"CUDA version: {torch.version.cuda}")
        print(f"Number of GPUs: {torch.cuda.device_count()}")
        print(f"Current GPU name: {torch.cuda.get_device_name(0)}")
        device = torch.device("cuda:0")
    else:
        print("CUDA is NOT available. PyTorch will run on CPU.")
        device = torch.device("cpu")

    # 3. Perform a basic tensor operation
    print(f"\nPerforming a basic tensor operation on {device}...")
    try:
        x = torch.randn(4, 4, device=device)
        y = torch.randn(4, 4, device=device)
        z = x + y
        print(f"Tensor x:\n{x}")
        print(f"Tensor y:\n{y}")
        print(f"Tensor z (x + y):\n{z}")
        print("Basic tensor operation successful!")
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"Error during basic tensor operation: {e}")

    print("\n--- Test Complete ---")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    test_pytorch()

How Do You Send and Receive ENJ with the Error “Address isn’t valid”?

Problem scenario
You are trying to send ENJ to a different wallet/address. You see "Address isn't valid." What should you do?

Possible Solution #1
Double check you have the right address to receive ENJ.

Possible Solution #2
Initially ENJ used an Ethereum block chain. It now uses its own Enjin Relaychain. You may have to transfer a stablecoin or other coin to a platform or wallet and do a swap there.

How Do You Troubleshoot “The repository is not updated and the previous index files will be used.” when You Try to Update Linux?

Problem scenario
You run this: sudo apt -y update

You get this output that includes an error message:

Hit:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal InRelease
Hit:2 https://d3nt0h4h6pmmc4.cloudfront.net/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:3 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates InRelease
Get:4 https://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable InRelease [1,825 B]
Hit:5 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-backports InRelease
Hit:6 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security InRelease
Err:4 https://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable InRelease
The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY
Reading package lists… Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information… Done
All packages are up to date.
W: An error occurred during the signature verification. The repository is not updated and the previous index files will be used. GPG error: https://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable InRelease: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY
W: Failed to fetch https://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/dists/stable/InRelease The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY
W: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.

What should you do?

Solution
Disable the repository listed after "GPG error". In the GUI of Linux, you can open "Software & Updates." Click on the "Other Software" tab, and uncheck "https://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/ stable main" (if that is the URL in the error you got).

For a command line interface version, you may want to see this stackoverflow posting.
(We have not tried it, so use it at your own risk.)

How Do You Remove a GPG from Your trusted.gpg.d Directory?

Problem scenario
You are using a Debian distribution of Linux, and there is a .gpg file in your .../trusted.gpg.d/ directory that you want eliminated. What should you do?

Solution
1. Run this: sudo apt-key list

2. Mentally identify the matching key you want deleted. Here is an example of the output from the above command:

/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/cccv-archive-key.gpg
-------------------------------------------
pub   rsa3072 2021-08-14 [SC] [expired: 2022-04-24]
      1234 ABCD 5678 EFGH 9101 IJKL 1112 MNOP 1314 QRST
uid           [ expired] packages.cccv.de <infra@cccv.de>

The alphanumeric string you need is after the "[expired: 2022-04-24] section and before the "uid" string.

3. Run this command with the string obtained in step #2: sudo apt-key del "1234 ABCD 5678 EFGH 9101 IJKL 1112 MNOP 1314 QRST"

How Do You Install uffd?

Problem scenario
You want to install uffd on Linux.

Solution
uffd refers to "userfaultfd" that is often available on Linux.

Type "man userfaultfd" to see if it is available.

userfaultfd is a system call (as can be discovered by running "man syscalls" and searching for "userfaultfd").

To read about support for userfaultfd, see https://github.com/rr-debugger/rr/issues/2852.

If you have a modern Linux system without userfaultfd, please let us know (and run "cat /etc/*-release" and provide the results of this command in your response). We would be curious to find out what distribution does not have it.

How Do You Install Firecracker on Ubuntu?

Problem scenario
You want to install Firecracker on Ubuntu. What do you do?

Solution
Run these commands:

release_url="https://github.com/firecracker-microvm/firecracker/releases"
latest=$(basename $(curl -fsSLI -o /dev/null -w %{url_effective} ${release_url}/latest))
arch=`uname -m`
curl -L ${release_url}/download/${latest}/firecracker-${latest}-${arch}.tgz | tar -xz
    
sudo mv release-${latest}-$(uname -m)/firecracker-${latest}-$(uname -m) /usr/local/bin/firecracker
        
sudo setfacl -m u:${USER}:rw /dev/kvm
    
firecracker --version   

What Is The Command to Find What Version of SSH You Are Using?

Problem scenario
You are concerned you have an older, vulnerable version of OpenSSH. What command should you run to see what version you are using?

Solution
ssh -V

Versions from 4.4p1 up to, but not including, 8.5p1 are not vulnerable due to a transformative patch for CVE-2006-5051, which made a previously unsafe function secure.

https://blog.qualys.com/vulnerabilities-threat-research/2024/07/01/regresshion-remote-unauthenticated-code-execution-vulnerability-in-openssh-server

How Do You Swap a Cryptocurrency in Coinbase Wallet when You Get “You need ETH before you can make a transaction on the Ethereum network” as an Error?

Problem scenario
You are using the Coinbase wallet. You try to swap a currency. You click on "Find best price." But you see "You need ETH before you can make a transaction on the Ethereum network."

You do have ETH in your wallet. How do you proceed?

Possible Solution #1
Use the Coinbase Wallet app on a phone instead of the website version. It will provide you with more information on how much ETH you actually need.

Possible Solution #2
Do you have "ETH on Base" or "ETH on Ethereum"? The symbols are as follows:

The top of the above shows ETH on Base. The lower of the above pic shows ETH on the Ethereum network.

If the swap is going to be on the Ethereum network, you need to have ETH on Ethereum -- not Base. Move the ETH to ETH on the Ethereum network.

Possible Solution #3
Add more ETH to your wallet. (Make sure it is on the Ethereum network.)

How Do You Edit a PDF for Free Using Windows?

Problem scenario
You are using Windows, and you want to modify a PDF file without uploading it to a website. What can you do (without paying for an application)?

Possible Solution #1 (e.g., to black out sensitive content)
1. Install Firefox.
2. Open Firefox and then open the PDF in Firefox.
3. Hover over the pencil icon with a squiggly line.
4. Click it and adjust the thickness to your desire.
5. You can edit the document now.
6. Save it with a new name.

How Do You Harden Your Website to Not Show info.php?

Problem scenario
You go to your website's domain, and you find the info.php page displays like this:

www.acme.com/info.php

This is a security concern. You are using WordPress. How do you hide it?

Solution
1. Copy your .htaccess file. Keep a backup.

2. Make a modified copy that is separate.

3. Outside the WordPress section (e.g., after the "# END WordPress" section), enter this (but replace "1.2.3.4" with your own IP address):

Order Deny,Allow Deny from all Allow from 1.2.3.4

4. Save the .htaccess file.

5. Upload the .htaccess file but keep the original unmodified file as a backup.